Which of the following may indicate substance use in adolescents?

Changes in behavior and secrecy are significant indicators of potential substance use in adolescents. During this developmental stage, young individuals often undergo multiple emotional and social changes. When these behavioral changes are coupled with secrecy, they may suggest that the adolescent is attempting to hide their use of drugs or alcohol. This may manifest in various ways, such as withdrawing from family or friends, becoming less communicative, or exhibiting sudden shifts in moods. These signs can be critical in identifying substance use early on.

In contrast, improved academic performance, social engagement, consistent attendance at school functions, and increased participation in sports generally reflect positive behaviors and adaptive development in adolescents. While changes in these areas can occur for many reasons, they do not specifically indicate substance use. In fact, such positive changes might suggest that an adolescent is thriving and managing their responsibilities well.