Which of the following is not a CNS stimulant?

The correct answer is that alcohol is not a CNS stimulant. Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulants are substances that increase the activity of the brain and enhance alertness, attention, and energy levels. Caffeine, nicotine, and amphetamines are all recognized as stimulants because they increase brain activity, elevate mood, and can boost performance and vigilance.

In contrast, alcohol is classified as a depressant, which means it has the opposite effect on the central nervous system. It slows down brain function, leading to decreased alertness, impaired judgment, and slowed reflexes. This distinction is critical in understanding the effects of different substances on behavior and physiology in the context of substance use and counseling. Knowing these classifications helps inform treatment strategies and approaches when working with individuals experiencing substance use disorders.